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Featured Article

Introducing Beneficiaries: A Complete Workflow for Equity Inheritance

Beneficiaries is a complete system to help stakeholders protect their equity inheritance — with verified beneficiaries/nominees, formal acknowledgment, and secure documentation.

Published:

February 4, 2026

Last Updated:

March 27, 2026

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All Posts

Optionally convertible debentures let investors choose between equity and repayment at maturity. Here is how they work, how to issue them, and where they fit in Indian law.

Non-convertible preference shares never convert to equity and that single feature changes how they're classified under FEMA, Ind AS, and who can hold them.

Preference share valuation in Indian private companies depends on the transaction type. Learn about applicable methods for valuation of preference shares under Indian law.

A complete guide to redemption of preference shares in India: statutory conditions, permitted funding methods, the step-by-step procedure, and the tax treatment.

Understand how SEBI (Share Based Employee Benefits and Sweat Equity) Regulations govern scheme types, eligibility, approvals, trust rules, vesting, disclosures.

Section 62 of the Companies Act, 2013 governs further issue of shares in India. Understand each route, its approval requirements, compliance timelines, and more.

Introducing Beneficiaries: A Complete Workflow for Equity Inheritance

Beneficiaries is a complete system to help stakeholders protect their equity inheritance — with verified beneficiaries/nominees, formal acknowledgment, and secure documentation.

Introducing ESOP Advisory - A Fully Integrated, Hands-On Equity Planning Service

ESOP Advisory is an end-to-end service that helps companies design, model, and execute strategic, compliant equity plans by combining deep advisory expertise with the power of EquityList’s platform-backed insights.

Introducing: Dematerialisation of Shares for Indian Companies

Companies can now dematerialise their physical shares into electronically held securities through EquityList. Read more.

EquityList obtains SOC 2 Type II, GDPR, and ISO 27001 certifications

EquityList completes its information security audits and obtains SOC 2 Type II, ISO 27001, and GDPR certifications.

Announcing Our Seed Round

Announcing EquityList seed funding round from AngelList India, Unpopular Ventures, Republic, Hustle Fund, Mana Ventures, and prominent angel investors.

Introducing EquityList: Cap Table Management for India

Dozens of venture-backed Indian startups are already using EquiList to manage their cap tables, create stock options programs, & issue grants.

How Stock Options Can Change Lives

Explore how ESOPs changed the lives of early employees like Ashok Kumar at SlideShare, Shyam Kumar Singh at CitrusPay, Judy Tong at Alibaba, and Harinder Takhar at PayTM.

Case Study - Zomato: ESOP Expenses and Its Accounting Challenges

ESOP Expenses affect a company's profit and loss statement. To understand how it impacts a startup, we take a look at Zomato's recent ESOP expenses and its accounting treatment.

Valuation of Preference Shares in Indian Private Companies: A Complete Guide

Preference share valuation in Indian private companies depends on the transaction type. Learn about applicable methods for valuation of preference shares under Indian law.

Redemption of Preference Shares: Rules and Conditions Under Companies Act, 2013

A complete guide to redemption of preference shares in India: statutory conditions, permitted funding methods, the step-by-step procedure, and the tax treatment.

SEBI ESOP Regulations: A Compliance Guide For Listed Companies

Understand how SEBI (Share Based Employee Benefits and Sweat Equity) Regulations govern scheme types, eligibility, approvals, trust rules, vesting, disclosures.

Section 62 of the Companies Act, 2013: Further Issue of Shares Explained

Section 62 of the Companies Act, 2013 governs further issue of shares in India. Understand each route, its approval requirements, compliance timelines, and more.

Foreign Liabilities and Assets (FLA) return: A Complete Filing Guide

Learn who must file the FLA return, deadlines, FLAIR portal steps, penalty structure under FEMA, and how it fits into India's foreign investment reporting framework.

Complete Guide to Form FC-TRS Filing in India

Understand FC-TRS filing in India: when it is required, pricing rules under FEMA, documents needed, and step-by-step reporting on the RBI FIRMS portal.

Optionally Convertible Debentures (OCDs): Structure, Classification, and Issuance in India

Optionally convertible debentures let investors choose between equity and repayment at maturity. Here is how they work, how to issue them, and where they fit in Indian law.

Non-Convertible Preference Shares: What They Are and How They Work

Non-convertible preference shares never convert to equity and that single feature changes how they're classified under FEMA, Ind AS, and who can hold them.

ESOP Policy for Indian Companies: Components, Design Choices, and Legal Framework

A founder’s guide to designing an ESOP policy for an Indian company, covering plan objectives, pool size, eligibility, grant philosophy, vesting, and exercise mechanics.

Co-Founder Equity Split in India: How to Decide, Document, and Protect It

A co-founder equity split defines each founder's ownership stake in the company. Understand the frameworks to get the split right and avoid common mistakes.

Preference Shares Explained: Types, Rights, and How They Affect Your Cap Table

A complete guide to preference shares, covering types, classification, rights, and how each class affects your cap table.

ESOP Under Companies Act, 2013: The Complete Legal Framework for Indian Companies

Complete guide to ESOPs under the Companies Act, 2013. Covers Section 62(1)(b), Rule 12, eligibility, disclosures, filing requirements, ESOP expense recognition, and step-by-step compliance for Indian companies.

Understanding Fully Diluted Shares

This blog post explains what fully diluted shares are and why they are important for investors and founders. It also includes an example of calculating fully diluted shares to provide clarity.

Cap Table Template and Example

Download a free cap table template and find additional resources to effectively manage your cap table. Learn whether a spreadsheet or specialized software is best for your cap table management needs.

How to Simulate Multiple Funding Scenarios in a Cap Table: A Complete Guide

A step-by-step guide to modeling multiple funding scenarios in your cap table, including SAFEs, convertible notes, option pool adjustments, priced rounds, exits, and more.

Share Dilution Explained: How Fundraising Affects Your Ownership

Learn what share dilution means, why it happens during priced or SAFE rounds, and how to model and minimize its impact using scenario tools.

Modeling Post-Money SAFEs in Cap Table: Tools and Mistakes to Avoid (Experts' Insights)

Learn how to accurately model post-money SAFEs in your cap table, avoid dilution surprises, and use the best tools to stay investor-ready.

The Ultimate Cap Table Software Buying Checklist

Looking for cap table software? Use this in-depth buying checklist to evaluate tools across compliance, ESOP management, equity modeling, and investor reporting.

Equity Financing vs Debt Financing: How to Choose | EquityList

Choosing between equity financing vs debt financing comes down to one trade-off: permanent dilution or repayment obligation. Here's how to decide.

Startup Valuation: Methods and 409A Compliance

Complete guide to US startup valuation covering DCF, VC method, comparable analysis, 409A compliance, safe harbour rules, and equity allocation (OPM, PWERM, backsolve)

Startup Valuation in India: Methods and Regulations

Complete guide to startup valuation in India covering DCF, comparable analysis, VC method, Berkus, and regulatory requirements under Companies Act 2013.

Share Subscription Agreement: Definition, Key Clauses, and Template

Learn about the share subscription agreement used for fresh share issuance: key clauses, Indian compliance requirements under Companies Act and FEMA, and differences from shareholders' agreements.

Valuation Report in India: Requirements, Sample Format, and Regulatory Guide

Learn when valuation reports are required in India, who can issue them, and understand what it must contain. Also find a sample valuation report for your reference.

Share Certificate Format India: Form SH-1 Fields, Rules, and Issuance Guide

Complete guide to share certificate format in India. Understand Form SH-1 mandatory fields, who must sign, issuance timelines, and penalties under the Companies Act 2013.

Dematerialisation of Shares by Private Companies - MCA’s Rule 9B

The Government of India has issued a mandate to private companies for the compulsory dematerialisation of their physical shares by Sept 30, 2024. In simple terms, private companies (except small) will have to convert all issued physical share certificates into digital form. Learn more here.

Streamlining CCPS ISIN Applications with NSDL: A Practical Insight

Discover how startups can simplify CCPS issuance with multiple closings by filing a single consolidated ISIN application, reducing paperwork, streamlining tracking, and speeding up processing.

June 30 Demat Deadline: Inside the ISIN Application Surge and How to Navigate It

With the June 30, 2025 dematerialisation deadline approaching, ISIN application delays are rising. Learn what’s causing the slowdown and how your company can avoid common pitfalls.

3 Reasons Your ISIN Application Is Delayed (And How to Fix Them)

Discover how EquityList cuts down ISIN delay from 25+ days to under 15 days by streamlining document collection, ensuring consistency in information, and fostering strong relationships with depositories.

Oppression and Mismanagement Under the Companies Act, 2013: A Founder's Guide

A founder's guide to oppression and mismanagement under Sections 241–246 of the Companies Act, 2013. Covers thresholds, NCLT powers, landmark cases, and prevention

What Are Tag-along Rights? A Complete Guide for Founders and Investors

Tag-along rights give minority shareholders the right to sell their shares on the same terms as majority shareholders. Understand how the whole mechanism plays out.

Pari Passu: What It Means for Founders, Investors, and Shareholders

Pari passu means “on equal footing.” Learn how pari passu clauses work in venture financing, liquidation waterfalls, debt agreements, and insolvency, with examples.

ROFO vs ROFR: Key Differences Founders Need to Know

ROFO gives existing shareholders the first look; ROFR gives them the last look. Learn how each right works, which favours whom, and what founders should negotiate.

Share Transfer Agreement: Clauses, Template, and Step-by-Step Guide

Learn what a share transfer agreement covers, when you need one, and how to draft it. Includes a ready-to-use template, clause explanations, and jurisdictional guidance.

Board Resolution Format: A Complete Guide for Founders (2026)

Learn about the board resolution format under the Companies Act, 2013, including types of resolutions, a sample format, and common use cases.

Featured Article

Introducing Beneficiaries: A Complete Workflow for Equity Inheritance

Get the latest equity and stock options management updates and insights.

All Posts

Optionally Convertible Debentures (OCDs): Structure, Classification, and Issuance in India

Non-Convertible Preference Shares: What They Are and How They Work

Valuation of Preference Shares in Indian Private Companies: A Complete Guide

Redemption of Preference Shares: Rules and Conditions Under Companies Act, 2013

SEBI ESOP Regulations: A Compliance Guide For Listed Companies

Section 62 of the Companies Act, 2013: Further Issue of Shares Explained

Introducing Beneficiaries: A Complete Workflow for Equity Inheritance

Introducing ESOP Advisory - A Fully Integrated, Hands-On Equity Planning Service

Introducing: Dematerialisation of Shares for Indian Companies

EquityList obtains SOC 2 Type II, GDPR, and ISO 27001 certifications

Announcing Our Seed Round

Introducing EquityList: Cap Table Management for India

How Stock Options Can Change Lives

Case Study - Zomato: ESOP Expenses and Its Accounting Challenges

Valuation of Preference Shares in Indian Private Companies: A Complete Guide

Redemption of Preference Shares: Rules and Conditions Under Companies Act, 2013

SEBI ESOP Regulations: A Compliance Guide For Listed Companies

Section 62 of the Companies Act, 2013: Further Issue of Shares Explained

Foreign Liabilities and Assets (FLA) return: A Complete Filing Guide

Complete Guide to Form FC-TRS Filing in India

Optionally Convertible Debentures (OCDs): Structure, Classification, and Issuance in India

Non-Convertible Preference Shares: What They Are and How They Work

ESOP Policy for Indian Companies: Components, Design Choices, and Legal Framework

Co-Founder Equity Split in India: How to Decide, Document, and Protect It

Preference Shares Explained: Types, Rights, and How They Affect Your Cap Table

ESOP Under Companies Act, 2013: The Complete Legal Framework for Indian Companies

Understanding Fully Diluted Shares

Cap Table Template and Example

How to Simulate Multiple Funding Scenarios in a Cap Table: A Complete Guide

Share Dilution Explained: How Fundraising Affects Your Ownership

Modeling Post-Money SAFEs in Cap Table: Tools and Mistakes to Avoid (Experts' Insights)

The Ultimate Cap Table Software Buying Checklist

Equity Financing vs Debt Financing: How to Choose | EquityList

Startup Valuation: Methods and 409A Compliance

Startup Valuation in India: Methods and Regulations

Share Subscription Agreement: Definition, Key Clauses, and Template

Valuation Report in India: Requirements, Sample Format, and Regulatory Guide

Share Certificate Format India: Form SH-1 Fields, Rules, and Issuance Guide

Dematerialisation of Shares by Private Companies - MCA’s Rule 9B

Streamlining CCPS ISIN Applications with NSDL: A Practical Insight

June 30 Demat Deadline: Inside the ISIN Application Surge and How to Navigate It

3 Reasons Your ISIN Application Is Delayed (And How to Fix Them)

Oppression and Mismanagement Under the Companies Act, 2013: A Founder's Guide

What Are Tag-along Rights? A Complete Guide for Founders and Investors

Pari Passu: What It Means for Founders, Investors, and Shareholders

ROFO vs ROFR: Key Differences Founders Need to Know

Share Transfer Agreement: Clauses, Template, and Step-by-Step Guide

Board Resolution Format: A Complete Guide for Founders (2026)

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